διψάω

διψάω 3 sg. διψᾷ (Ps.-Pla., Ax. 366a) J 7:37; Ro 12:20 (Pr 25:21); fut. διψήσω; 1 aor. ἐδίψησα (Hom. et al.; IG XIV, 1890, 10 [12]; PGM 36, 112; 148; LXX; Philo; Jos., Bell. 6, 318 al.) gener. ‘to be thirsty’.

① to have a desire for liquid, be thirsty, suffer fr. thirst Mt 25:35, 37, 42, 44; J 4:13, 15; 19:28 (s. GDalman, Jesus-Jeshua [tr. PLevertoff], 1929, 207–9); Ro 12:20 (Pr 25:21). W. πεινάω to denote the severest privations (Ps 106:5) 1 Cor 4:11; Rv 7:16 (Is 49:10; on liberation fr. hunger and thirst cp. Eur., Bacch. 142f, s. VLeinieks, The City of Dionysos ’96); ISm 6:2. In imagery γῆ διψῶσα thirsty (=dry) ground 1 Cl 16:3 (Is 53:2). For J 4:14; 6:35; 7:37 s. 2, below.

② to have a strong desire to attain some goal, thirst, i.e. long for someth., fig. ext. of 1 (Pla., Rep. 8, 562c; Plut., Cato Mai. 342 [11, 5]; Philo, Fug. 139 τοὺς διψῶντας κ. πεινῶντας καλοκἀγαθίας; Ps 41:3; Sir 51:24) of thirst for the water of life J 4:14; 6:35; 7:37; Rv 21:6; 22:17 (cp. ls 55:1). τ. δικαιοσύνην Mt 5:6 (for the acc. cp. Philipp. Epigr. [I A.D.] in Anth. Plan. bk. 4=Anth. Pal. 16, 137 Düb. φόνον; Jos., Bell. 1, 628 αἷμα; Cos. and Dam. 10, 64 τ. σωτηρίαν. W. acc. of pers. Ps 62:2 v.l. [Psalmi cum Odis ed. ARahlfs ’31]).—For the idea JBover, Estudios Eclesiásticos 16, ’42, 9–26; FBraun, Avoir Soif (J 4 and 7), BRigaux Festschr., ’70, 247–58.—Abs., opp. drunkenness Ox 1 verso, 16f (ASyn. 240, 41; cp. GTh 28; s. LWright, JBL 65, ’46, 180f).—DELG s.v. δίψα. M-M. TW. Spicq.